[14] The Teays River was the largest of these rivers. [2] The river flows through or along the border of six states, and its drainage basin includes parts of 14 states. Use, Administration, and Navigation 207.300 Ohio River, above Cairo, IL, and their tributaries; use, administration, and navigation. Scale ca. The forks (the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers at what is now Pittsburgh) were considered a strategic military location. The Ohio River as a whole is ranked as the most polluted river in the United States, based on 2009 and 2010 data, although the more industrial and regional West Virginia/Pennsylvania tributary, the Monongahela River, ranked behind 16 other American rivers for water pollution at number 17. There are several major cities located along the northern and southern banks of the river including Cincinnati, Ohio; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Louisville, Kentucky.[14]. 56.5: Significant flooding of California occurs. The river had great significance in the history of the Native Americans, as numerous civilizations formed along its valley. Through its largest tributary, the Tennessee River, the basin includes several states of the southeastern U.S. Many small rivers were altered or abandoned after the upper Ohio River formed. A new route was carved to the Mississippi. It became a primary transportation route for pioneers during the westward expansion of the early U.S. Thus Wheeling Island, the largest inhabited island in the Ohio River, belongs to West Virginia, although it is closer to the Ohio shore than to the West Virginia shore. The river then follows a roughly southwest and then west-northwest course until Cincinnati, before bending to a west-southwest course for most of its length. After reaching the mouth of the Ohio, settlers would travel north on the Mississippi River to St. Louis, Missouri. [10], An earlier Miami-Illinois language name was also applied to the Ohio River, Mosopeleacipi ("river of the Mosopelea" tribe). Download ORWT Cover Page (PDF) Download ORWT Map Page (PDF) Hard copies are available from the Beaver County Recreation & Tourism Office. The discovery and traversal of the Ohio River by Europeans admits of several possibilities, all in the latter half of the 17th century. If you are an outdoor enthusiast and enjoy nature exploration, the Falls of the Ohio State Park is for you! Where the river serves as a boundary between states today, Congress designated the entire river to belong to the states on the east and south, i.e., West Virginia and Kentucky at the time of admission to the Union, that were divided from Virginia. It is inhabited by fauna and flora of both climates. Shows river course from New Martinsville, W.Va. to Pittsburgh. The Ohio River Scenic Byway in Indiana is comprised of the following segments totaling 302.38 miles. Cross Creek Lake. The Ohio River is a naturally shallow river that was artificially deepened by a series of dams. Also covers Louisville (Ky.) and vicinity. The ancient rivers were rearranged or consumed. Where the river was narrow, it was the way to freedom for thousands of slaves escaping to the North, many helped by free blacks and whites of the Underground Railroad resistance movement. The new large river subsequently drained glacial lakes and melting glaciers at the end of the ice ages. The collapse took the lives of 46 people who had been crossing on the bridge at the moment of its failure. Ohio River is situated northeast of Birds Point. There are many large tributaries that give the Ohio River its size. Other states had to limit their cruises to going forwards, then reversing and going backwards on the Indiana shore only. The folktales about Mike Fink recall the keelboats used for commerce in the early days of American settlement. In 1763, following the war, France ceded the area to Britain, and thus to the settlers in the colonies of Britain. The U.S. Supreme Court held that Kentucky's jurisdiction (and, implicitly, that of West Virginia) extended only to the low-water mark of 1793 (important because the river has been extensively dammed for navigation, so that the present river bank is north of the old low-water mark.) In winter, it regularly freezes over at Pittsburgh but rarely farther south toward Cincinnati and Louisville. Before there were cities, there were colonial forts. Traversing the lush hills and farmlands of southern Indiana and paralleling the mighty Ohio River, the Ohio River Scenic Byway marks a time-worn and history-rich corridor that has profoundly influenced the people and communities through which it passes. The upper Ohio River formed when one of the glacial lakes overflowed into a south-flowing tributary of the Teays River. These forts played a dominant role in the French and Indian War, Northwest Indian War and pioneering settlement of Ohio Country. Ohio is a state in the northeastern United States, with a shoreline at Lake Erie. The Ohio River drains to the Mississippi River which flows to the Gulf of Mexico on the Atlantic Ocean. At the confluence, the Ohio is considerably bigger than the Mississippi, measured by long-term mean discharge. Other cities of interest include Cairo, Illinois, at the confluence of the Ohio with the Mississippi River and the southernmost and westernmost city on the river; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the easternmost city on the river at the head or Forks of the Ohio, where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers join to create the Ohio; and Beaver, Pennsylvania, the site of colonial Fort McIntosh and the northernmost city on the river. Ohio rivers shown on the map. Cities along the Ohio are also among the oldest cities in their respective states and among the oldest cities in the United States west of the Appalachian Mountains (by date of founding): Old Shawneetown, Illinois, 1748; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1758; Wheeling, West Virginia, 1769; Huntington, West Virginia, 1775; Louisville, Kentucky, 1779; Clarksville, Indiana, 1783; Maysville, Kentucky, 1784; Martin's Ferry, Ohio, 1785; Marietta, Ohio, 1788; Cincinnati, Ohio, 1789; Manchester, Ohio, 1790; Beaver, Pennsylvania, 1792; and Golconda, Illinois, 1798. The river is sometimes considered as the western extension of the Mason–Dixon Line that divided Pennsylvania from Maryland, and thus part of the border between free and slave territory, and between the Northern and Southern United States or Upper South. The Ohio River Scenic Byway in Indiana is comprised of the following segments totaling 302.38 miles: 1:700,000. Ohio River Water Trail Map & Guide. Tennessee: all but a small part in the extreme west drained directly by the Mississippi, and a very small area in the southeastern corner which is drained by the, Ohio: 80% (all except a northern strip bordering Lake Erie, and the northwest corner), This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 17:17. Manuscript, pen-and-ink and watercolor. Louisville, Kentucky, The deepest point of the Ohio River is a scour hole just below Cannelton locks and dam (river mile 720.7). Use our easy Lodging Search to find exactly the type of accommodation you are looking for at the right price. The Ohio River at Cairo is 281,500 cu ft/s (7,960 m3/s);[1] and the Mississippi River at Thebes, Illinois, which is upstream of the confluence, is 208,200 cu ft/s (5,897 m3/s). In the early 19th century, river pirates such as Samuel Mason, operating out of Cave-In-Rock, Illinois, waylaid travelers on their way down the river. The natural depth of the river varied from about 3 to 20 feet (0.91 to 6.10 m). During the nineteenth century, emigrants from Virginia, North Carolina and Kentucky settled along the northern bank of the Ohio river. Originally applied just to the Ohio River, the "Pelisipi" name later was variously applied back and forth between the Ohio River and the Clinch River in Virginia and Tennessee. In 1749 Great Britain established the Ohio Company to settle and trade in the area. The Ohio River is a left (east) and largest tributary by volume of the Mississippi River in the United States. Fortunately, the bridge was not blown up during the American Civil War. From its origin to Cincinnati, the average depth is approximately 15 feet (5 m). Relief shown by hachures. [30] The river again ranked as the most polluted in 2013 and has been the most polluted river since at least 2001, according to the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO). + View larger map Big & Little Darby Creeks Indiana's Ohio River Scenic Byway is a winding, hilly route follows the Ohio River. It is the third largest river by discharge volume in the United States and the largest tributary by volume of the north-south flowing Mississippi River that divides the eastern from western United States. The colonial charter for Virginia defined its territory as extending to the north shore of the Ohio, so that the riverbed was "owned" by Virginia. Along the banks of the Ohio are some of the largest cities in their respective states:[note 1] Pittsburgh, the largest city on the river and second-largest city in Pennsylvania; Cincinnati, the third-largest city in Ohio; Louisville, the largest city in Kentucky; Evansville, the third-largest city in Indiana; Owensboro, the fourth-largest city in Kentucky; and three of the five largest cities in West Virginia—Huntington (second), Parkersburg (fourth), and Wheeling (fifth). Includes notes on the width of … Carl Perkins Bridge in Portsmouth, Ohio with Ohio River and Scioto River tributary on right. Historic architecture along the way retains a charm … The combined Allegheny-Ohio river is 1,310 miles (2,110 km) long and carries the largest volume of water of any tributary of the Mississippi. Direct water travel the length of the river is obstructed by the Falls of the Ohio just below Louisville, Kentucky. It is available for use “as highway[s] for substantial interstate or foreign commerce” (33 CFR § 2.36). Although such boats cruised on the Ohio River in an oval pattern up and down, the state of Kentucky soon protested. For thousands of years, Native Americans used the river as a major transportation and trading route. a) Authority of Lockmasters The lockmaster shall be charged with the immediate control and management of … This map shows the course of the Ohio from Fort Pitt, site of present-day Pittsburgh, to what is now New Martinsville, West Virginia. Begins in pittsburgh pa. Ohio River is a confluence in Kentucky and has an elevation of 295 feet. Detailed topographic maps and aerial photos of Ohio are available in the Geology.com store. The course forms the northern borders of West Virginia and Kentucky; and the southern borders of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, until it joins the Mississippi River at the city of Cairo, Illinois. The Allegheny River, left, and Monongahela River join to form the Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the largest metropolitan area on the river. The Ohio River Scenic Byway follows the Ohio River through Illinois, Indiana and Ohio ending at Steubenville, Ohio, on the river. The bridge has been improved in 1859 and 1872, and remains in use as the oldest vehicular suspension bridge in the U.S. Louisville was founded in 1779 at the only major natural navigational barrier on the river, the Falls of the Ohio. From there, it forms the border between West Virginia and Ohio, upstream of Wheeling, West Virginia. Brown, sediment-laden water flowing generally northeast to south from the Ohio River is distinct from the green and relatively sediment-poor water of the Mississippi River (flowing northwest to south). The number in parentheses after the port's location corresponds to the numbered icons on the map. Eventually the upper and middle sections combined to form what is essentially the modern Ohio River. Where the Ohio joins the Mississippi is the lowest elevation in the state of Illinois, at 315 feet (96 m). Searchable listings of Ohio River hotels, motels, resorts, bed & breakfast, and more. [31], The Ohio River was polluted with hundreds of thousands of pounds of PFOA, a fluoride-based chemical used in making teflon, among other things, by the DuPont chemical company from an outflow pipe at its Parkersburg, West Virginia, facility for several decades beginning in the 1950s. [4] European discovery of the Ohio River may be attributed to English explorers from Virginia in the latter half of the 17th century. [34] The water depth predictions are relative to each local flood plain based upon predicted rainfall in the Ohio River basin in five reports as follows: The water levels for the Ohio River from Smithland Lock and Dam to Cairo, Illinois, are predicted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Lower Mississippi River Forecast Center.[35]. Prior to that event, the north-flowing Steubenville River (no longer in existence) ended between New Martinsville and Paden City, West Virginia. The largest northern tributary is the Wabash River. Ohio River. The modern Ohio River flows within segments of the ancient Teays. The name "Ohio" comes from the Seneca, Ohi:yo', lit. It is the source of drinking water for three million people.[3]. The dams raise the water level and have turned the river largely into a series of reservoirs, eliminating shallow stretches and allowing for commercial navigation. Backwater flooding along the Little Miami River affects basements and some first level flooding of businesses and homes, with low-lying areas from California to Newtown also experiencing this flooding. Ohio River above Cairo, IL and its tributaries. Ohio has approximately 29,113 miles of river, of which 212.9 miles are designated as wild & scenic—less than 1% of the state's river miles. The map center team in addition to provides the supplementary pictures of Ohio River Locks and Dams Map in high Definition and Best mood that can be downloaded by click upon the gallery under the Ohio River Locks and Dams Map picture. Use our easy Lodging Search to find exactly the type of accommodation you are looking for at the right price. The Commission found that 92% of toxic discharges were nitrates, including farm runoff and waste water from industrial processes like steel production. [14] Its waters connected communities. Less than 2 miles above [23] However, the Treaty of Paris (1783) gave the entire Ohio Valley to the United States. Ohio River The river then follows a roughly southwest and then west-northwest course until Cincinnati, before bending to a west-southwest course for most of its length. Rhonda Belford, Chairman Ohio River Scenic Byway PO Box 746 Rosiclare, Illinois 62982-0746 Beaver County Tourism. It is located in the Midwestern and Southern United States, flowing southwesterly from western Pennsylvania south of Lake Erie to its mouth on the Mississippi River at the southern tip of Illinois. It is one of the tributaries of the Mississippi River which is popular for being the river’s largest tributary by volume. Kentucky brought suit against Indiana in the early 1980s because of the building of the never-completed Marble Hill Nuclear Power Plant in Indiana, which would have discharged its waste water into the river. [7][8], Native Americans, including the Lenni Lenape and Iroquois, considered the Ohio and Allegheny rivers as the same, as is suggested by a New York State road sign on Interstate 86 that refers to the Allegheny River also as Ohi:yo';[9] the Geographic Names Information System lists O-hee-yo and O-hi-o as variant names for the Allegheny. At Paducah, Kentucky, in the south, at the Ohio's confluence with the Tennessee River, it is ice-free year-round. Ohio River Water Trail Map & Guide . This is a generalized topographic map of Ohio. Whether clinging to the shores of the river, or linking farms and historic river communities, the Ohio River Scenic Byway is the common thread joining a geographically broad and culturally diverse region together. In the early 1980s, the Falls of the Ohio National Wildlife Conservation Area was established at Clarksville, Indiana. During the American Revolution, in 1776 the British military engineer John Montrésor created a map of the river showing the strategic location of Fort Pitt, including specific navigational information about the Ohio River's rapids and tributaries in that area. The Ohio River is a 981 miles long river that is found within the region of Laurentia in the US. It shows elevation trends across the state. The McAlpine Locks and Dam, a shipping canal bypassing the rapids, now allows commercial navigation from the Forks of the Ohio at Pittsburgh to the Port of New Orleans at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf of Mexico. The Ohio River is formed by the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers at Point State Park in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Cincinnati.[25]. The lower Ohio River just below Louisville is obstructed by rapids known as the Falls of the Ohio where the water level falls 26 feet (7.9 m) in 2 miles (3.2 km) and is impassible for navigation. The south-flowing Marietta River (no longer in existence) ended between the present-day cities. It borders Ontario Canada across Lake Erie to the north, the US states of Michigan to the northwest, Pennsylvania to the east, and Indiana to the west. [18][19] The first known European to traverse the length of the river, from the headwaters of the Allegheny to its mouth on the Mississippi, was a Dutchman from New York, Arnout Viele, in 1692.[20][21]. In this area, the river flowed over hard, fossil-rich beds of limestone. [32], The Ohio River is heavily industrialized and populated and sees traffic from large barge cargoes carrying oil, steel and other industrial goods. map of ohio river valley. The movement of glaciers during the earliest ice ages the present day river drainages of the Kanawha, Sandy, Kentucky, Green, Cumberland and Tennessee rivers northward created the Ohio system and the course of early tributaries of the Ohio River, including the Monongahela and the Allegheny rivers, were set. Text printed on separate sheet attached to main sheet at bottom. They killed travelers, stealing their goods and scuttling their boats. From there, it flows northwest through Allegheny and Beaver counties, before making an abrupt turn to the south-southwest at the West Virginia–Ohio–Pennsylvania triple-state line (near East Liverpool, Ohio; Chester, West Virginia; and Ohioville, Pennsylvania). Ohio river on a map. In the five centuries before European conquest, the Mississippian culture built numerous regional chiefdoms and major earthwork mounds in the Ohio Valley, such as Angel Mounds near Evansville, Indiana, as well as in the Mississippi Valley and the Southeast. The expression "sold down the river" originated as a lament of Upper South slaves, especially from Kentucky, who were shipped via the Ohio and Mississippi to cotton and sugar plantations in the Deep South. Toll-Free: 800-342-8192. The section of the river that runs southwest from Pittsburgh to Cairo, Illinois is around tens of thousands of years old. Use administration and navigation. However, the river's deepest point is 168 feet (51 m) on the western side of Louisville, Kentucky. Its current gentle, waters clear, and bosom smooth and unbroken by rocks and rapids, a single instance only excepted. The movement across the Allegheny Mountains of British settlers and the claims of the area near modern-day Pittsburgh led to conflict with the French, who had forts in the Ohio River Valley. The middle Ohio River formed in a manner similar to formation of the upper Ohio River. The valley grew during and following the ice age. The bedrock of the Ohio Valley was mostly set during this time. 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