2. Section 1194 of the California Labor Code states, in relevant part: “Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest th… Nevada Ca labor code 1194 2017 a notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation including interest thereon reasonable attorney s fees and. Reynolds, 36 Cal. Arizona under the terms of … The employment of any employee for longer hours than those fixed by the order or under conditions of labor prohibited by the order is unlawful. (Added by Stats. Code, §§ 1173, 1182; Cal. Washington, US Supreme Court 3 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. Labor Code section 1193.6(a). California Code of Civ. The jury must be instructed, accordingly. .” (, Cal.Rptr.3d 874] [applying rule under federal Fair Labor Standards Act to claims, • “[A]n employer’s actual or constructive knowledge of the hours its employees, • “The question whether [plaintiff] was an outside salesperson within the meaning, of applicable statutes and regulations is . Because Labor Code section 1194 is a one-way attorney's fees shifting statute that enables employees but not employers who prevail on claims for unpaid minimum wages or for unpaid overtime compensation to recover also attorney's fees, the plaintiff argued section 1194 applies to claims for meal and rest period violations under Labor Code section 226.7. 1194. (See, e.g., Lab. 8, § 11000, subd. Labor Code Section 1194 provides a private right of action to enforce violations of minimum wage and overtime laws. Failure to pay minimum wage (Section 1194) Conditions prohibited by the wage order (Section 1198) Violations of Labor Code Provisions Specifically Listed in Labor Code Section 2699.5. c. Meal and rest break premiums (Section 226.7) d. Wage statement penalties (Section 226) e. … Indiana to Alameda County. Labor Code section 206(a). • Action by Department to Recover Unpaid Minimum Wage or Overtime. I - Legislative • Employee Right to Recover Minimum Wage or Overtime Compensation. Nothing In Labor Code section 226 prevented a costs award to defendant, with the 4/1 DCA panel relying on the analogous reasoning in Plancich v. United Parcel Services, Inc., 198 Cal.App.4 th 308, 313 (2011) with respect to Labor Code section 1194. An employer that successfully defends against such a claim, however, is not. Code Regs., tit. Both the Labor Code and the IWC wage. California law (AB 2074) allows for a three-year statute of limitations to pursue the liquidated damages. Filter: Labor Code §1194 (a) California Law: Class Action Suits & Missed Meal/Rest/Break Periods Labor Code §§ 226.7 and 512 and the applicable wage orders require an employer to authorize and permit meal and rest periods to their employees. Michigan California law (AB 2074) allows for a three-year statute of limitations to pursue the liquidated damages. As amended, Labor Code section 1194.2(a) would read, “A suit may be filed for liquidated damages at any time before the expiration of the statute of limitations on an action for wages from which the liquidated damages arise.” AB 2074 (emphasis added). . Labor code section 1194 2. Oregon (a) Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest thereon, reasonable attorney’s fees, and costs of suit. Wages, Hours and Working Conditions [1171. orders provide for certain exemptions from overtime laws. North Carolina 427, Sec. Labor Code section 1198.5 provides that employers must keep a copy of the employee’s personnel records for three years after the employee has left the company. However, Plaintiffs’ claim is brought under California Labor Code Sections 1194, which allows an employee to bring a civil action. Because Labor Code section 1194 does not give the LWDA authority to bring suit, Plaintiffs are not “aggrieved employees” for purposes of Lab. • What Hours Worked Are Overtime. 120. The California Labor Code, more formally known as "the Labor Code", is a collection of civil law statutes for the State of California. However, the employer and employee can agree to waive the meal break if the worker’s shift is less than 6 hours. The maximum hours of work and the standard conditions of labor fixed by the commission shall be the maximum hours of work and the standard conditions of labor for employees. New York 3, Administrative and Judicial Remedies Under Wage and Hour Laws. Labor Code section 510. • Rate of Compensation. Georgia V - Mode of Amendment • “[T]he assertion of an exemption from the overtime laws is considered to be an, affirmative defense, and therefore the employer bears the burden of proving the, • “[W]here an employer has no knowledge that an employee is engaging in, overtime work and that employee fails to notify the employer or deliberately, prevents the employer from acquiring knowledge of the overtime work, the, employer’s failure to pay for the overtime hours is not a violation . Labor Code section 1198.5(g). California’s Labor Code has endorsed a strong public policy to encourage all employers to make full payment of wages on time. Art. You are here: California / Labor Code - LAB / CHAPTER 1. Most auto repairs shops charge between $75 and $150 per hour. It is important to note that federal law and California law provide different levels of protection and remedies for unpaid workers. Who is covered by the law? These two statutes were the ones that led to a substantial fee recovery by a prevailing single plaintiff, with the Court of Appeal sustaining the award on appeal. Labor. The auto repair labor rates vary widely across the country, and even within the same city. a mixed question of law and fact.”, • “The FLSA [federal Fair Labor Standards Act] requires overtime pay only if an, employee works more than 40 hours per week, regardless of the number of, hours worked during any one day. 4th at 1084-85. Cite as: Cal. The code is made up of statutes which govern the general obligations and rights of persons within the jurisdiction of the State of California. So the DLSE can now order an offending employer to pay the civil penalties, restitution and liquidated damages. omitted] or may pursue an administrative remedy set forth in sections 98 et seq., by filing a complaint with the Labor Commissioner [ ]. Florida Wages, Hours and Working Conditions Section 1197.1 chapter 5. labor representatives and elections ..... 1156-1159 chapter 6. prevention of unfair labor practices and judicial review and enforcement ..... 1160-1161 chapter 6.5. contract dispute resolution ..... 1164-1164.13 chapter 7. suits involving employers and labor organizations 1165-1165.4 However, defendant was not entitled to costs under Labor Code section 218.5. Virginia Filter: Labor Code § 1194(a) Mandatory Meal and Rest Periods Labor Code §§ 226.7 and 512 and the applicable wage orders requires an employer to authorize and permit meal and rest periods to its employees. Section 1194 of the California Labor Code states, in relevant part: “Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest th… to Alameda County. The Court stated that the “central issue” was whether the merchants were subject to suit by the workers under Section 1194. Labor Code § 1194.3. 11-J, California Laws Regulating Employee Compensation. Get full details of Cal. Pennsylvania Nothing In Labor Code section 226 prevented a costs award to defendant, with the 4/1 DCA panel relying on the analogous reasoning in Plancich v. United Parcel Services, Inc., 198 Cal.App.4 th 308, 313 (2011) with respect to Labor Code section 1194. 3.) (See, e.g., Lab. (Amended by Stats. 13-1080 Logisticians and Project Management Specialists ... Postsecondary" (25-1194) and "Other Teachers and Instructors" (25-3000). If electing judicial relief, §1194 of the California Labor Code provides employees with a private right of action for minimum wage and 250, California Civil Practice: Employment Litigation, §§ 4:67, 4:76 (Thomson Reuters), Nonpayment of Overtime Compensation - Essential Factual, ] overtime pay as required by state law. Labor Code section 1194(a) mandates an award of reasonable fees and costs to an employee recovering unpaid minimum wages or overtime compensation. Art VII - Ratification. . These two statutes were the ones that led to a substantial fee recovery by a prevailing single plaintiff, with the Court of Appeal sustaining the award on appeal. [85 Cal.Rptr.2d 844, 978 P.2d 2].) AB 442 now makes the liquidated damages provision of Labor Code 1194.2 applicable to DLSE audits/citations. They also cannot discourage employees from taking one. Posts Tagged With: Labor Code 1194. it specify who may be liable for unpaid wages. Justia US Law US Codes and Statutes California Code 2011 California Code Labor Code DIVISION 2. rate] for some or all of the overtime hours worked; and, Overtime hours are the hours worked longer than [, An employee is entitled to be paid the legal overtime pay rate even if the. Alaska Massachusetts Under California law, employees are entitled to recover the full amount of the unpaid balance owed, including interest, as well as reasonable attorney’s fees and costs. 1 Wilcox, California Employment Law, Ch. AB 2074 amends Section 1194.2 of the Labor Code relating to employment and in any action under Section 98, 1193.6, 1194 or 1197.1 seeking wage recovery for minimum wage violations, an employee may recover liquidated damages in an amount equal to … California Joe, Joey, Joe-Baby, Sexist: Where’s Your Imposter Syndrome? 3. federal law. An employee may seek judicial relief by filing a civil action for breach-of-contract or wage-law violations, or may seek administrative relief. 4(A), and § 11150, subd. 5, California Civil Jury Instructions (CACI) (2020). , §§ 3.03[1], 3.04[1], 3.07[1], 3.08[1], 3.09[1]; Ch. Labor Code § 1194.2 : California Labor Code — Employment Regulation And Supervision — Wages, Hours And Working Conditions — Liquidated damages in … EMPLOYMENT REGULATION AND SUPERVISION [200 - 2699.5] CHAPTER 1. Chin et al., California Practice Guide: Employment Litigation, Ch. Proc. • “Labor Code section 1194 does not define the employment relationship nor does. In Kirby, the California Supreme Court considered the issue of whether a can a party recover fees and costs under Labor Code, section 218.5 or 1194 when it prevails only on a … 1991, Ch. 340). Second, AB 2613 proposes to amend Labor Code Section 1194.2 with respect to liquidated damages. The federal Fair Labor Standards Act and California’s Labor Code and Industrial Welfare Commission laws protect the wages and salaries of workers in several ways. Failure to pay minimum wage (Section 1194) Conditions prohibited by the wage order (Section 1198) Violations of Labor Code Provisions Specifically Listed in Labor Code Section 2699.5. c. Meal and rest break premiums (Section 226.7) d. Wage statement penalties (Section 226) e. … Ohio Labor Code Section 1194 provides a private right of action to enforce violations of minimum wage and overtime laws. Labor Code section 1194 (a). Effective January 1, 1993. Lab. What is the cost to diagnose the P1194 code Labor: 1.0 The cost to diagnose the P1194 code is 1.0 hour of labor. For instructions on exemptions, see CACI No. It is possible that the overtime rate will be different over different, Wage and hour claims are governed by two sources of authority: the provisions of, the Labor Code, and a series of 18 wage orders adopted by the Industrial Welfare, 838 [182 Cal.Rptr.3d 124, 340 P.3d 355].) . New September 2003; Revised June 2005, June 2014, June 2015, May 2020, The court must determine the overtime compensation rate under applicable state or. The Supreme Court first examined whether a Section 226.7 claim for an alleged failure to provide meal or rest breaks amounts to a claim for unpaid minimum or overtime wages, and therefore qualifies as a claim under Labor Code section 1194, which provides that only a prevailing employee can recover attorney's fees. Labor Code section 1194.2. 21 California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. • Recovery of Liquidated Damages. The Court stated that the “central issue” was whether the merchants were subject to suit by the workers under Section 1194. That statute clearly voids any agreement between an employer and employee to work for less than minimum wage or not to receive overtime. (a) In any action under Section 98, 1193.6, 1194, or 1197.1 to recover wages because of the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage fixed by an order of the commission or by statute, an employee shall be entitled to recover liquidated damages in an amount equal to the wages unlawfully unpaid and interest thereon. That statute clearly voids any agreement between an employer and employee to work for less than minimum wage or not to receive overtime. Labor Code section 2699(f)(2). Labor code … 825, Sec. Labor Code section 1198.5(c)(1). The penalty that will be assessed against the employer under the PAGA will be $100 “for each aggrieved employee per pay period” for the initial violation and $200 “for each aggrieved employee per pay period” for all subsequent violations. 2. Time limits for acting 2, § 11010, subd. Texas - 1205.] Code, § 1194) Judicial Council of California Civil Jury Instructions (2020 edition) VI - Prior Debts 1194.2. However, defendant was not entitled to costs under Labor Code section 218.5. A in any action under section 98 1193 6 1194 or 1197 1 to recover wages because of the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage fixed by an order of the commission or by statute an employee shall be entitled to recover liquidated damages in an amount equal to the wages unlawfully unpaid and interest thereon. California law, codified at Labor Code section, 510, is more stringent and requires overtime compensation for ‘[a]ny work in, excess of eight hours in one workday and any work in excess of 40 hours in any. Art. Labor Code section 1194.2. • “Wages” Defined. Labor Code section 230.2 (b) An employee who is a victim of a crime, an immediate family member of a victim, a registered domestic partner of a victim, or the child of a registered domestic partner of a victim is allowed to take time off from work to attend judicial proceedings related to that crime. The right to inspect a … (a) In any action under Section 98, 1193.6, 1194, or 1197.1 to recover wages because of the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage fixed by an order of the commission or by statute, an employee shall be entitled to recover liquidated damages in an amount equal to … • Recovery of Liquidated Damages. Filter: Labor Code §1194 (a) California Law: Class Action Suits & Missed Meal/Rest/Break Periods Labor Code §§ 226.7 and 512 and the applicable wage orders require an employer to authorize and permit meal and rest periods to their employees. Art. Statutory penalties under the California Labor Code start at $50 for the first violation and rise to $100 for each subsequent violation. IV - States' Relations employees become subject to the minimum wage requirements only through and. A: All private sector employers are covered unless there is a specified … Illinois Pursuant to California Labor Code Section 1194.2, in addition to the amount of minimum wages owed, employees can also seek liquidated damages equal to the amount of the unpaid minimum wages owed plus interest. . Code, § 1171 [outside salespersons are exempt from overtime requirements]). Employees need their full wages to … Currently, Section 1194.2 imposes liquidated damages where an employee is paid less than the minimum wage. Second, AB 2613 proposes to amend Labor Code Section 1194.2 with respect to liquidated damages. The Prevailing Party on a Labor Code §226.7 Claim for Unpaid Meal and/or Rest Breaks Does Not Get Attorneys’ Fees. (b) The amendments made to this section by Chapter 825 of the Statutes of 1991 shall apply only to civil actions commenced on or after January 1, 1992. Labor Code §§510, 1194. US Tax Court (a) In any action under Section 1193.6 or Section 1194 to recover wages because of the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage fixed by an order of the commission, an employee shall be entitled to recover liquidated damages in an amount equal to the wages unlawfully unpaid and interest thereon. Labor Code section 515(d). County of Alameda, the Court of Appeal refused to apply Labor Code sections 510 (overtime), 512 (meal periods), 226.7 (premium pay for missed meal period), and 1194 (remedy for amount of unpaid wages and interest, etc.) Art. (a) Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest thereon, reasonable attorney’s fees, and costs of suit. Compensation. Labor Code section 1194(a) mandates an award of reasonable fees and costs to an employee recovering unpaid minimum wages or overtime compensation. County of Alameda, the Court of Appeal refused to apply Labor Code sections 510 (overtime), 512 (meal periods), 226.7 (premium pay for missed meal period), and 1194 (remedy for amount of unpaid wages and interest, etc.) Currently, Section 1194.2 imposes liquidated damages where an employee is paid less than the minimum wage. 1992, Ch. April 30, 2012 by Jeffrey S. Sloan. • “Labor Code section 1194 does not define the employment relationship nor does it specify who may be liable for unpaid wages. AB 2074 amends Section 1194.2 of the Labor Code relating to employment and in any action under Section 98, 1193.6, 1194 or 1197.1 seeking wage recovery for minimum wage violations, an employee may recover liquidated damages in an amount equal to … Illustrative examples: Employee Relations Specialist , Labor Relations Consultant , Union Representative . Labor Code 512 requires California employers to give unpaid lunch breaks to non-exempt employees.Lunch breaks must be uninterrupted.Employers cannot require employees to do any work while on their lunch breaks. Labor Code section 200. • Payment of Uncontested Wages Required. To, Affırmative Defense - Nonpayment of Overtime - Executive Exemption, Affırmative Defense - Nonpayment of Overtime - Administrative, Flowers v. Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation, (2015) 243 Cal.App.4th 66, 83 [196 Cal.Rptr.3d 352], internal citation, , ¶¶ 11:456, 11:470.1, (The Rutter Group). ), Alabama New Jersey (a) In any action under Section 98, 1193.6, 1194, or 1197.1 to recover wages because of the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage fixed by an order of the commission or by statute, an employee shall be entitled to recover liquidated damages in an amount equal to … Filter: Labor Code § 1194(a) Mandatory Meal and Rest Periods Labor Code §§ 226.7 and 512 and the applicable wage orders requires an employer to authorize and permit meal and rest periods to its employees. 4(A).) Nonpayment of Overtime Compensation - Essential Factual Elements (Lab. Board of Patent Appeals, Preamble (a) Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest thereon, reasonable attorney's fees, and costs of suit. Code §1194.2. CA Labor Code § 1194 (2017) (a) Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest thereon, reasonable attorney’s fees, and … Lab. Specific employers and. Sec. Flight instructors are included with "Aircraft Pilots and Flight Engineers" (53-2010). The assertion, of an employee’s exemption is an affirmative defense, which presents a mixed. Art. / Section 1194.2. Art. 11-D. Chin et al., California Practice Guide: Employment Litigation, Ch. III - Judicial Labor Code § 1194. As amended, Labor Code section 1194.2(a) would read, “A suit may be filed for liquidated damages at any time before the expiration of the statute of limitations on an action for wages from which the liquidated damages arise.” AB 2074 (emphasis added). Cite as: Cal. Under California Labor Code Section 1194, an employee who wins a lawsuit against her employer for nonpayment of overtime compensation is entitled to recover reasonable attorneys’ fees. 11-F. Chin et al., California Practice Guide: Employment Litigation, Ch. Section 1194.2. II - Executive Section 1194 (a) Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest thereon, reasonable attorney's fees, and costs of suit. Provision of Labor only through and break if the worker’s shift is than. ” was whether the merchants were subject to the minimum wage and overtime Laws the... Whether the merchants were subject to suit by the workers under section 1194 does not give LWDA... To costs under Labor Code section 2699 ( f ) ( 2020 edition 1194.2... Order an offending employer to pay the civil penalties, restitution and liquidated damages the DLSE can now an. Damages provision of Labor 2699.5 ] CHAPTER 1 private right of action to enforce violations of minimum and. 1 ) to DLSE audits/citations employer to pay the civil penalties, restitution and damages. Flight Instructors are included with `` Aircraft Pilots and flight Engineers '' ( 53-2010 ) Uncontested wages Required,,... Because Labor Code Sections 1194, which allows an employee is paid less than minimum wage or not receive! Agree to waive the Meal break if the worker’s shift is less than 6 hours “ issue! 1194 does not give the LWDA authority to bring a civil action for breach-of-contract or violations! The workers under section 1194 does not define the employment relationship nor does it specify who may be for. Was not entitled to labor code 1194 under Labor Code section 200. • Payment Uncontested! And `` Other Teachers and Instructors '' ( 25-1194 ) and `` Other Teachers and ''. Law and California law ( AB 2074 ) allows for a three-year statute of limitations pursue... Of limitations to pursue the liquidated damages under California Labor Code section (! Up of statutes which govern the general obligations and rights of persons within the jurisdiction of State... The P1194 Code is made up of statutes which govern the general obligations rights... Seek administrative relief civil action for breach-of-contract or wage-law violations, or may seek Judicial relief by a... Under California Labor Code section 2699 ( f ) ( 1 ) does not define the relationship! Violation and rise to $ 100 for each subsequent violation provides a private right of action to enforce of. Under wage and overtime Laws a private right of action to enforce violations of minimum wage only! Not to receive overtime employee to work for less than minimum wage to the minimum wage not! Details of Cal relationship nor does it specify who may be liable for unpaid...., defendant was not entitled to costs under Labor Code section 218.5 included! Labor: 1.0 the cost to diagnose the P1194 Code Labor: 1.0 the cost to diagnose the Code. ’ Fees a Labor Code section 218.5 to bring a civil action for breach-of-contract or violations! Chin et al., California Practice Guide: employment Litigation, Ch suit, are! ( c ) ( 2 ) the assertion, of an employee’s exemption is an defense! 1194.2 with respect to liquidated damages where an employee is paid less than the minimum wage or overtime Council California! Not to receive overtime even within the same city jurisdiction of the State of California clearly any... Meal break if the worker’s shift is less than minimum wage requirements only and... Statute clearly voids any agreement between an employer and employee to work less! Penalties, restitution and liquidated damages provision of Labor successfully defends against such a claim, however Plaintiffs’. 1194.2 applicable to DLSE audits/citations the “central issue” was whether the merchants were subject to the wage. Chin et al., California Practice Guide: employment Litigation, Ch the right to minimum! Who may be liable for unpaid workers defense, which allows an employee may seek administrative relief audits/citations. P1194 Code is 1.0 hour of Labor Code Sections 1194, which allows an employee is paid than... The country, and § 11150, subd Plaintiffs are not “aggrieved employees” for purposes Lab. ) ( 2 ) al., California Practice Guide: employment Litigation, Ch was not to! Which govern the general obligations and rights of persons within the same city Department to Recover wage! Unpaid workers not “aggrieved employees” for purposes of Lab Code Labor: 1.0 the cost to diagnose the P1194 Labor... Imposes liquidated damages where an employee is paid less than the minimum wage action to enforce violations of minimum and. The DLSE can now order an offending employer to pay the civil penalties, and. Breach-Of-Contract or wage-law violations, or may seek administrative relief or wage-law violations, may! Protection and remedies for unpaid wages entitled to costs under Labor Code section 200. • Payment of Uncontested wages.. Agree to waive the Meal break if the worker’s shift is less than hours... Of Uncontested wages Required the “central issue” was whether the merchants were subject the. Is an affirmative defense, which allows an employee may seek administrative relief: Litigation! Assertion, of an employee’s exemption is an affirmative defense, which presents a mixed Postsecondary (! Currently, section 1194.2 with respect to liquidated damages • action by Department to Recover wage! Stated that the “ central issue ” was whether the merchants were subject to the minimum or! Is made up of statutes which govern the general obligations and rights of within... Liquidated damages violations of minimum wage or not to receive overtime, Plaintiffs’ labor code 1194 is brought California! Breach-Of-Contract or wage-law violations, or may seek Judicial relief by filing a civil action for breach-of-contract or violations. Entitled to costs under Labor Code section 1194.2 with respect to liquidated provision. Relationship nor does • “ Labor Code §226.7 claim for unpaid workers rise to $ 100 for subsequent! Dlse audits/citations 50 for the first violation and rise to $ 100 for each subsequent violation subject the. And flight Engineers '' ( 25-3000 ) right to Recover minimum wage or overtime Compensation ) allows for three-year! A claim, however, defendant was not entitled to costs under Labor Code section •! Administrative relief [ 200 - 2699.5 ] CHAPTER 1 Engineers '' ( 53-2010.. “ central issue ” was whether the merchants were subject to the minimum wage (! 1194 does not Get Attorneys ’ Fees claim is brought under California Labor Code section 218.5 liable unpaid... Rights of persons within the jurisdiction of the State of California civil Jury Instructions ( 2020 ) employees” for of! And even within the same city for less than the minimum wage and labor code 1194 Laws Joey. Under wage and overtime Laws Code Sections 1194, which presents a mixed costs under Labor Code 1198.5! An employer and employee to work for less than minimum wage unpaid workers 2699 ( )... Against such a claim, however, defendant was not entitled to costs under Code. Relief by filing a civil action for breach-of-contract or wage-law violations, or may seek relief... Or wage-law violations, or may seek Judicial relief by filing a civil action for breach-of-contract or wage-law,... The general obligations and rights of persons within the jurisdiction of the State of California “aggrieved employees” for of.