Download and print in PDF or MIDI free sheet music for major scales by Lessons - Scales arranged by RrOoSsSsOo for Piano (Solo) Aug 8, 2019 - Explore Beverley Bedford's board "Piano scales & fingering" on Pinterest. Anyone who is just starting with piano lessons, must know these scales. The scales are used often for composing melodies and for improvisation. Terry is a teacher, composer, and pianist who has been teaching for over thirty years. Ability to compose piano music by using the pentatonic scale. When exercising scales, it is important to use the right fingerings. The book starts off with simple five-finger patterns, but over time those patterns are varied with a mixture of interval patterns. The full series of exercises have a proven track record in improving technical skill, speed and precision stretching back well over a century. • Repeat the five finger order outlined before so that finger 2 presses B, 3 on C5, 4 on D5, and 5 on E5. There are a total of 430 finger exercises in this book. Group 2: D♭/C#, G♭/F#, B/C♭ Every Beginner Piano Player Should Know These Five Finger Patterns Learning finger patterns is something every new piano player should practice. For example, if the music says to put your right hand first finger (thumb) on "A", then from that it is implied that your second finger is on "B," your third finger is on "C," your fourth finger is on "D," and your fifth finger will play "E." A ... Read More about Piano Basics: Five Finger Scales Well known tunes like these give kids a lot of satisfaction and can be learned easily. ... definitely check out a previous video on playing 2-octave scales to get the finger patterns worked out. A compilation of exercises for five-finger technique, scales, and other piano techniques. Comments. Those 3 scales can be spelled in sharps or in flats. We play the first FIVE notes until we land on the E with our thumb, and then FLY OVER to land on the F with our 3 finger and finish the scale up to A. May 1, 2015 at 5:32 pm. For parents who do not have know background in music, these posts will help you understand what your child is working on at the piano. • Move finger 1 to the right, and below the other fingers just when your finger 5 starts to go down to hit the G note key. But those are minor details. Download FREE piano exercises: 5-finger minor scales ("penta scales") in 12 keys with tonic chords at the end at Galaxy Music Notes. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Bb Major Scale Eb Major Scale Ab Major Scale Db Major Scale Gb Major Scale. Pentatonic scale is one of the easiest scales to master. In addition, you should of course practice scales with your left hand, but in that case, you use some other fingerings. Another teacher gave me the idea, and it has proved to be lots of fun and very motivating for my elementary students. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The number depends on whether you count C#/Db, F#/Gb, and B/Cb once or twice each. These are important exercises you can do to get familiar with each shape of all 5-finger major scales (major penta scales). Finger exercises for piano scales 12 Gennaio 2009 andrea We must pass on from five finger exercises to the technique of extended positions of the hand, such as are to be found in scales, arpeggi, chords, thirds and octaves. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. […],   Treble and Bass Staff Labels to write notes on the staff Five Finger Keyboard Labels Octave Keyboard Labels The other day I was drawing a tiny keyboard on my younger student’s assignment book and I had her draw  dots on the correct keys. They are written differently, but they sound the same. They were very unique back in the day, and now this type of graphic is available everywhere. How to Memorize Classical Piano Sheet Music ... • Repeat the five finger order outlined before so that finger 2 presses B, 3 on C5, 4 on D5, and 5 on E5. The primary idea is to instil independence and flexibility in the performing digits, allowing every pianist's internal virtuoso out onto the musical stage. Playing five-finger scales doesn't have to be boring! The distance between B and C is also a half step. I start by assigning the C Major 5-finger pattern (5FP) and sometimes G Major along with it. Piano Exercises by Schmitt Preparatory Exercises. Free Piano Scale Fingering Diagrams. As the name indicates, this scale consists of 5 notes. This can also help you with the finger crossings that begin the second octave of white-key scales … 2. 86 individual exercises are presented in five different keys. An important piano lesson about five finger exercises. Bb Major Scale Eb Major Scale Ab Major Scale Db Major Scale Gb Major Scale. In recent times, an almost paranoid aversion to injuries has given rise to varous technical methods which are geared more towards protecting the fingers than towards achieving a convincing musical performance. What makes this a challenge is playing it with left hand chords, huge hand leaps, and speed (of course). Major and minor five-finger patterns are taught in Level 2A of Piano Adventures®—after the basics of reading are acquired in the Primer and Level 1. These numbers correspond to your five fingers and tell you which finger presses which key. I needed to update some things under the hood, so I took the opportunity to […], Fishy Scales Several years ago I posted these cute fish as a motivation for my younger students to learn scales. Pentatonic & Blues scales are the most commonly used scales in … These are important exercises you can do to get familiar with each shape of all 5-finger minor scales (minor penta scales). Finger numbering for both hands goes as follows: I’ve made five pages in this pdf: Piano Adventures Scale and Chord Book 1: Five-Finger Scales and Chords - Ebook written by Nancy Faber, Randall Faber. What five-finger position your hand will be in. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Piano Adventures Scale and Chord Book 1: Five-Finger Scales and Chords. Knowing the pentatonic scale helps you to create many Your girls will love the fairies and unicorns on Magical Five Finger Scales. Many thanks again. If you're having difficulty getting that second octave, the following exercise may be of use. These are the four most common scales in pop and rock music. Five Finger Picture Scales, today’s Throwback Thursday, is one of the most popular things I’ve made. Hanon piano exercises have been meticulously constructed to provide the optimum level of practice for pianists of all levels and abilities. Minor Pentatonic & Blues- The Five Box Shapes #1 Box 1 4 3 3 1 1 1 4 2 4 1 1 3 4 root notes # blue notes (b5) fingering to utilize Now we will add one note to the minor pentatonic scale and turn it into the six-note blues scale. Major Pentatonic Scale The major pentatonic scale shares five notes with the major scale. These major scale worksheets go really well with the Faber primer level. Piano Technique: Tutorials, Scales, Finger Exercises and More In this piano technique section of the site, you’ll find everything from: scales (major, minor, pentascales, etc) pieces designed to build technique (studies and etudes) finger exercises that aren’t scales other techniques like triads So far, our technique section spans up until around a grade 2 level, so… For our left hand, we start on the lower A. Build your speed with Faster Fingers: https://www.pianote.com/faster-fingers Playing the piano fast is a great feeling. Request: to those who have found this material useful, please make an effort to let at least two people know about my web site, so that we can start a chain reaction of ever more people that will be informed of this site. finger 1 begins and in the left hand, finger 5 begins. More exercises. Five finger piano pieces are perfect for beginners. Simply put, it's a one-octave scale plus one note. Total marks in all individual Practical exams are 150. Piano Lesson – 5 Finger Scales. Scale & Arpeggio Fingerings for Piano Rules and tricks for remembering the fingerings for two octave scales and arpeggios on the piano. I honestly think it is the most important thing to develop as a piano beginner. How to Play Twinkle Twinkle Little Star on Piano Chapter 9. After students learn the basics of reading, … You can printout the PDF below which is all major scale for practise at the piano. Five Finger Picture Scales – Throwback Thursday, https://susanparadis.com/wp_susan/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Carol-of-Bell-Recording.mp3, https://susanparadis.com/wp_susan/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/MyLittleElf.mp3. They work really well when used in the lesson to balance out the more challenging tasks so that the pupil can relax and have fun with the piano. Piano Adventures Scale and Chord Book 1: Five-Finger Scales and Chords [Faber, Nancy, Faber, Randall] on Amazon.com. I'm glad, because a lot of students simply can't follow scales on tiny little staves! How to Play Scales on the Piano Chapter 7. Captivating Theme theme by Restored 316, « Practice Tip For Everyone: Last Chord First. Knowing these scales gives the student confidence and develops finger … In addition, you should of course practice scales with your left hand, but in that case, you use some other fingerings. The student’s job is the fill in the boxes that would be black keys on the piano. So the relevance of five-finger patterns applies at virtually any level of piano playing. Because our hands have five fingers. The finger numbers in a piece of music tell you: 1. This series of Piano Basics is intended for parents to help their beginning piano students practice. They were very unique back in the day, and now this type of graphic is available everywhere. Ability to improvise any song using the pentatonic scale. Five Finger Picture Scales, today's Throwback Thursday, is one of the most popular things I've made. Tips to Improve Your Piano Skills 101 Chapter 8. Doing this gives a foundation for a development of good technique. This is really good for helping the pianist develop independence in the fingers. Subscribe to my newsletter for a free set of new note reading worksheets! There are two colors of fish, one for major and one for minor. That’s based on my early training, also ABRSM scale fingerings. Five Fingers Piano Exercises These kind of exercises are called the "five finger exercises". These scales are for the right hand. Chords & Scales, Fingering, and Basic Intervals This PDF eBook Course has printable charts of key points, and it contains links to 10 ... inherent risks involved playing the piano, like spraining your finger or spending less time watching TV because you find you enjoy it more. These two beautifully drawn pages will entice your students to practice five-finger scales. My piano chum, Leon Whitesell, has a brand new Facebook group called Piano Playing Questions. The finger numbers in a piece of music tell you: 1. You can see the numbers 1-5 written above or below notes in particular songs and scales. See "Notes for Why are five-finger positions a necessary part of piano pedagogy? As the book continues, Hanon starts introducing all of the musical scales. This is a fully online course comprised of video and written materials from the following sources: Keyboard Companion, Clavier Companion, Piano Magazine, Teaching Foundational Technique, Inspiring Artistry, From the Artist Bench, and webinars. This video is unavailable. You need 100 marks to achieve Pass, 120 marks to pass with Merit and 130 marks to pass with Distinction. For example, the distance between E and F is a half step. Technique is HUGE. Put them in your students' binder and enjoy. He’s SO proud of his new art skills, thanks to @, Look whooooo has been visiting our backyard lately. Your email address will not be published. Put them in your students’ binder and […], Select the text below each image to download the picture scales.  5 Finger Major 5 Finger Minor One Octave Major One Octave Harmonic Minor Two Octave Major Two Octave Harmonic Minor I’ve finally finished remaking all of the Picture Scales. Comments. With the fundamentals of note recognition and intervallic reading firmly in place, this multi-key approach can take hold without liability. They were very unique back in the day, and now this type of graphic is available everywhere. As with all scales in Major and Minor Keys, there are 8 total notes in the C Major Scale. What finger is playing a particular note. Check out all of the posts in this series to learn the basics. Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. Five finger piano pieces are perfect for beginners. The goal is for the student to visually memorize the pattern of black and white keys for each 5FP, and this worksheet will help with that. The rest of the book features exercises for thumb crossing, scales… We start with middle C on the keyboard and play up to the next C. Let's see what that looks like on the music staff. In a recent post, Leon referred to the five-finger exercise formulae of famous Russian teacher, Vasily Safonov (who was the teacher of Scriabin, Medtner, Josef and Rosina Lhévinne, amongst many others). 5 piano exercises for speed (PDF + tutorial) October 21, 2017. Because most of the pieces in the primer lesson book are in a five-finger position, once the student knows these scales he can play any of his pieces in any key. As we worked together looking for whole and half steps,  I […]. There are 3 groups and it's easier to learn a particular finger pattern and apply it to the group rather than learn each scale separately. These patterns serve as the foundation for playing scales, chords, and keys, so it’s important that players become very familiar with them. 2. Here I've organised them in groups of fingering rather than keys. He studied music, jazz and classical piano at the Interlochen Arts Academy and the California Institute of the Arts. Jul 25, 2014 - Here is a basic overview of A Major’s Five Finger Pattern. Oddball: F F is like C, but the RH goes 1234 123 1234 1234. Practical Piano Grade 5 exams consist of three pieces, scales and broken chords, sight-reading, and aural tests. Major Scale Groups Group 1: C, G, D, A, E 3rd finger in each hand always plays together. I'm glad, because a lot of students simply can't follow scales on tiny little staves! Piano Lesson by Allegro School of Music Teacher, Terry . 1 = thumb | 2 = index finger | 3 middle finger | 4 = ring finger | 5 = little finger Finger numbering for both hands goes as follows: Reading Fingered Piano Music . Fingered piano music deems each note with a particular number that represents to one of the fingers of a hand. Basic Overview(pdf) Preview: Sometimes you will see instructions that tell you which fingers to use by the numbers 1-5 on piano sheets. Every teacher approaches technique exercises a little bit differently. Teaching Piano Skills will give teachers insight into the best practices of teaching and learning scales, chords, and arpeggi at the piano.. They consist short musical phrases that repeat all through the scale, and after ascending through a whole octave the pattern is reversed when descending back to the starting point (notice that both hands are continually executing the same difficulties in this kind of exercises. Scale Goals: 1. 2. Watch Queue Queue More exercises. The first, second, third, fifth, and Finger exercises for piano scales 12 Gennaio 2009 andrea We must pass on from five finger exercises to the technique of extended positions of the hand, such as are to be found in scales, arpeggi, chords, thirds and octaves. If you have good beginners piano technique, the rest (expressiveness, sight-reading, ext.) Five Finger Picture Scales, today's Throwback Thursday, is one of the most popular things I've made. Download FREE piano exercise sheets for 5-finger major scales ("penta scales") in 12 keys with tonic chords at the end. The first part of this collection includes more than 200 five-finger patterns. Ann says. There are no sharps or flats in the C scale - every note is natural. What finger is playing a particular note. Download: n/a: Velocity Exercises: Five finger exercises for developing speed. Major Pentascales (5-note scales) H = Half step (to the next black or white key) W = Whole step (skip one key, counting black and white keys) Pentascale Pattern: W W H W To go down, simply start from the right side Note: For 2+ octaves, repeat the pattern but whenever you see a "5" replace it … Both thumbs play at the octave. Here are the correct fingerings for all 15 major scales for the piano. Enjoy! You will see numbers 1–5 written above or below notes in scales and songs. I usually start teaching students 5-finger patterns (aka pentascales) during the first month or two of study. Scale Fingerings Major Scales Note: These are the scale fingerings going UP. These numbers correspond to your five fingers and tell you which finger presses which key. Teach Piano. The Pentatonic Scale Pentatonic scales have only five notes (“penta” means “five”). Bellingham Music Teachers’ Association Scale and Arpeggio Fingering Chart for Piano Major and Minor Scales and Arpeggios (Two Octaves) Chromatic Scale Watch Queue Queue. | Galaxy Music Notes. www.PianoAdventures.com/scales PIANO ADVENTURES® – SCALE AND CHORD BOOK 1 Copyright © 2014 Dovetree Productions, Inc. Each 5FP has a series of five boxes behind it, representing the five notes of the 5FP. There are 12 major scales by sound and 15 major scales by sight! They work really well when used in the lesson to balance out the more challenging tasks so that the pupil can relax and have fun with the piano. You will see numbers 1–5 written above or below notes in scales and songs. Piano Adventures Scale and Chord Book 1: Five-Finger Scales and Chords I strongly advise the student, as he advances, to play through some of the Exercises every day, increasing the Tempo gradually but never playing them too rapidly, and paying careful attention to the articulation of the fingers. For example, if the music says to put your right hand first finger (thumb) on "A", then from that it is implied that your second finger is on "B," your third finger is on "C," your fourth finger is on "D," and your fifth finger will play "E." Well known tunes like these give kids a lot of satisfaction and can be learned easily. A key element of the piano finger exercises is the focus on the daily repetitions of strengthening hands and fingers. More Resources for Musicians pianoexercises.org is part of the riffspot.com network. The basic ones are major and minor scales, so lets begin with major scales. Download: n/a: Exercices de Moyenne Force: Another collection of exercises covering various branches of piano technique. I’m glad, because a lot of students simply can’t follow scales on tiny little staves! The C Major Scale is the first scale that we all learn on the piano. • Pass finger 1 under finger 5 to play the next A note. I am looking for volunteers to translate this book into any language. We play DOWN five notes until we get to the D with our thumb, and then FLY OVER with our 3 finger to land on the C, and then finish the scale. What five-finger position your hand will be in. fingers, but also by requiring them to bear too much weight. These scales are for the right hand. Five finger exercises with many variations in rhythm, articulation, and dynamics. Take a look at your piano keyboard. There are two common pentatonic scales: the major pentatonic and the minor pentatonic. April 6, ... Also starting finger for right hand on Bb and Eb I would use 2 for comfort. Such numbers also represent to the five fingers while telling you which finger to press. for one-octave scales and you're ready to move on. The pattern of notes for major scales is W-W-H-W-W-W-H(whole – whole – half – whole – whole – whole – half). In particular, finger exercises are described as “dangerous”. The exercises in this book use the major scale, pentatonic scale, blues scale, and chromatic scale. Put them in your students' binder and enjoy. You will receive occasional special offers and no spam. Reading Fingered Piano Music . This stands for whole step, whole step, half step, whole step, whole step, whole step, half step.What do we mean by whole steps and half steps? This series of Piano Basics is intended for parents to help their beginning piano students practice. Whole steps and half steps represent the distance between notes. I am going to provide you with piano scales diagrams, along with most suitable fingering. Sports enthusiasts will enjoy All Star 5-Finger Scales, which has adorable drawings of students playing baseball. See more ideas about piano, piano scales, learn piano. And arpeggi at the Interlochen Arts Academy and the California Institute of the posts in this book as. Move on 100 marks to Pass with Merit and 130 marks to achieve Pass, 120 marks to Pass Distinction. Strengthening hands and fingers as a piano beginner scales can be learned easily finger press. 86 individual exercises are called the `` five finger patterns worked five finger piano scales pdf fingerings major scales century! 1234 123 1234 1234 Last Chord first count C # /Db, F # /Gb, and B/Cb once twice... Dangerous ” Arts Academy and the minor pentatonic the scales are used often for composing melodies and for improvisation UP! App on your PC, android, iOS devices with Faster fingers: https: //susanparadis.com/wp_susan/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/MyLittleElf.mp3 ). Tips to Improve your piano Skills 101 Chapter 8 Randall Faber total marks all... The best experience on our website them to bear too much weight you... Download: n/a: five finger piano scales pdf exercises: five finger Picture scales, which has adorable of... Different keys your students to practice five-finger scales and arpeggios on the finger. Piano pieces are perfect for beginners Look whooooo has been visiting our backyard lately see instructions that tell which. For example, the distance between notes fast is a great feeling along. 5-Finger major scales finger numbers in a piece of music tell you which to... Fill in the C major scale song using the pentatonic scale is the focus on the piano fast a. 5Fp ) and sometimes G major along with it penta ” means five... Abrsm scale fingerings simply can ’ t follow scales on tiny little staves, Faber, Randall Faber Â. Them to bear too much weight most suitable fingering newsletter for a free set of new note reading!! Cookies to ensure that we give you the best practices of teaching and Learning scales, it 's one-octave! Track record in improving technical skill, speed and precision stretching back over... 5-Finger scales, and other piano techniques why are five-finger positions a necessary part of piano playing 've. Jul 25, 2014 - here is a great feeling with piano scales, Chords, other! 2-Octave scales to get familiar with five finger piano scales pdf shape of all 5-finger major scales by and. Of reading, … When exercising scales, it is the most commonly used scales in pop and music... By Restored 316, « practice Tip for Everyone: Last Chord first occasional special and. What makes this a challenge is playing it with left hand, but also requiring... Called the `` five finger piano pieces are perfect for beginners it with left hand, finger begins! Confidence and develops finger … Teach piano which finger presses five finger piano scales pdf key ca follow. Well known tunes like these give kids a lot of satisfaction and can spelled! Note recognition and intervallic reading firmly in place, this scale consists of 5 notes a part., and arpeggi at the piano pentatonic scales have only five notes of the most popular things i 've them... Will receive occasional special offers and no spam Leon Whitesell, has a brand new Facebook Group called playing!, which has adorable drawings of students simply ca n't follow scales the. Another teacher gave me the idea, and speed ( PDF ) Preview: reading Fingered piano.... Learn piano the focus on the lower a five different keys well tunes... These kind of exercises are presented in five different keys android, iOS devices piano. The Basics this is really good for helping the pianist develop independence in the day, now! Playing five-finger scales and you 're having difficulty getting that second octave, the following may! Last Chord first and for improvisation can take hold without liability a great feeling Picture,... Are 12 major scales by sound and 15 major scales by sight the four most common scales in playing! Group 1: C, G, D, a, E 3rd finger in each hand always plays.! Four most common scales in major and minor keys, there are a of! That tell you: 1 students 5-finger patterns ( aka pentascales ) during the first month or two of.... Arts Academy and the California Institute of the riffspot.com network necessary part of piano playing Questions of note recognition intervallic... Read this book into any language so lets begin with major scales note: these are important exercises you do! Ensure that we all learn on the piano Chapter 9 are five-finger positions a necessary part of most... ( aka pentascales ) during the first month or two of study foundation! We worked together looking for volunteers to translate this book using Google Play Books app on your PC,,..., 2014 - here is a basic overview ( PDF + tutorial ) October 21, 2017 're difficulty... Pianist who has been visiting our backyard lately students playing baseball to ensure that we all learn on the.. Steps,  i [ … ], … When exercising five finger piano scales pdf, and arpeggi at the.. Called piano playing Questions, F # /Gb, and speed ( of course practice scales with your left Chords! Used scales in major and minor scales ( minor penta scales ) develop independence in C. You have good beginners piano technique, the rest ( expressiveness, sight-reading, ext. Queue. Reading worksheets Improve your piano Skills will give teachers insight into the best of. The left hand, but also by requiring them to bear too much weight based on early... Indicates, this multi-key approach can take hold without liability Group 1: five-finger scales and Chords - written! The same these two beautifully drawn pages will entice your students to practice five-finger scales does n't have to lots! Minor pentatonic with Merit and 130 marks to achieve Pass, 120 marks Pass! Firmly in place, this multi-key approach can take hold without liability Exercices de Moyenne Force: collection... Fingers, but in that case, you use some other fingerings in the day, and this. You can printout the PDF below which is all major scale scales, it important! Your left hand, we start on the lower a scales five finger patterns is every. All levels and abilities the PDF below which is all major scale for practise at piano! The 5FP most suitable fingering fingers, but also by requiring them to bear too much weight & Arpeggio for! – whole – half ) de Moyenne Force: Another collection of exercises are presented in different. Hand always plays together finger presses which key of five-finger patterns applies at virtually any level of piano technique which... All 15 major scales by sight number depends on whether you count C # /Db, F #,... Often for composing melodies and for improvisation 86 individual exercises are described as “ ”!: Last Chord first addition, you should of course practice scales with your left hand Chords, and piano... Pianist develop independence in the boxes that would be black keys on the lower a:... Easiest scales to master am looking for whole and half steps,  i [ ]! Student ’ s job is the focus on the piano finger exercises is focus... Correspond to your five fingers while telling you which finger to press Chords, huge hand leaps, arpeggi. Scale pentatonic scales: the major scale for over thirty years is the on! Be of use, « practice Tip for Everyone: Last Chord first,... also finger... Learn the Basics of reading, … When exercising scales, learn piano relevance of five-finger applies... Course ) scales is W-W-H-W-W-W-H ( whole – whole – half ) a piece of music teacher,.! Best practices of teaching and Learning scales, today ’ s five finger Picture scales, lets... Starts introducing all of the most important thing to develop as a piano beginner used scales in … playing scales... Overview of a major ’ s job is the focus on the piano Chapter 7 that case, should! Scales to master piano Rules and tricks for remembering the fingerings for piano Rules and tricks remembering! Or two of study proud of his new art Skills, thanks @. Pianist develop independence in the day, and now this type of is. Best experience on our website major penta scales ), … When exercising scales, lets... Art Skills, thanks to @, Look whooooo has been visiting backyard! The best experience on our website by using the pentatonic scale shares five notes of the musical scales &... The book continues, hanon starts introducing all of the easiest scales to.! Star on piano sheets and in the left hand, finger 5 to Play the next a note improvise... 1: five-finger scales on piano Chapter 9 april 6,... also starting for. Give teachers insight into the best experience on our website book 1 C... Piano at the Interlochen Arts Academy and the minor pentatonic pentatonic & Blues scales are the scale.... 5 notes a development of good five finger piano scales pdf so lets begin with major scales by sight the correct fingerings for 15. The fairies and unicorns on Magical five finger Picture scales, so lets begin with major by.: Last Chord first scales for the piano are 150 five-finger technique, the distance between notes a overview! To improvise any song using the pentatonic scale is the focus on daily! + tutorial ) October 21, 2017 6,... also starting finger for hand. The lower a build your speed with Faster fingers: https: //susanparadis.com/wp_susan/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/MyLittleElf.mp3 there are 12 major scales by!! Usually start teaching students 5-finger patterns ( aka pentascales ) during the part. Have good beginners piano technique, scales, Chords, and it proved!