Norms of all kinds were broken down, especially in regards to civil rights and precepts of military duty. Political pressure, conflicts between different design bureaus, and engineering problems caused by an inadequate budget would doom the Soviet attempt to land men on the Moon. Argentinian physician and revolutionary leader Che Guevara was captured by the Bolivian army on October 8 and executed by firing squad the next day. In 1968, the U.S. mourned two more inspirational leaders who were assassinated: the Rev. The Spaghetti Western genre was a direct outgrowth of the Kurosawa films. Workers building the Berlin Wall, a tangible symbol of the Cold War. 1960s. Coached by John Wooden, they were helped by Lew Alcindor and by Bill Walton to win championships and dominate the American college basketball landscape during the decade. 1964 The first successful Minicomputer, Digital … Previously, popular music was based around the 45 single (or even earlier, the 78 single) and albums such as they existed were little more than a hit single or two backed with filler tracks, instrumentals, and covers. On July 2, 1964, the landmark Civil Rights Act became law, ending segregation in public places and banning employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. At the start of the 1960s, things seemed pretty much like the 1950s: prosperous, calm, and predictable. Learn about key women's rights events with this 1960s feminism timeline. February 13 – Nashville sit-ins begin. On September 8, Alfred Hitchcock's landmark movie "Psycho" opened in the theaters to mixed reviews, although it is today considered among Hitchcock's best. "The (forgotten) Sixties in Mexico.". The 1960s left also consisted of ephemeral campus-based Trotskyist, Maoist and anarchist groups, some of which by the end of the 1960s had turned to militancy. Shinkansen, the world's first high-speed rail service began in 1964. The Story of Sputnik 1 . 4: Bob Dylan Live 1966, The "Royal Albert Hall" Concert, new franchise called the Washington Senators, Wikipedia:WikiProject Years#Notable world leaders, "Brokaw Explores Another Turning Point, the '60s", "Altamont Rock Festival: '60s Abruptly End", "Giles Martin on the Fab Four's breakup, 50 years later: 'You actually wonder if the Beatles could have sustained themselves, "Review: 'Last Days in Vietnam,' 'Kent State: The Day the '60s Died' on PBS", https://www.scribd.com/doc/112409042/The-French-May-and-the-Roots-of-Postmodern-Politics, "Gulf of Tonkin Measure Voted in Haste and Confusion in 1964", "Inflation and CPI Consumer Price Index 1960-1969", "Civil Rights Act of 1964 - CRA - Title VII - Equal Employment Opportunities - 42 US Code Chapter 21", "LatinoLA – Hollywood :: Mendez v. Westminster", "Hernandez v. Texas – The Oyez Project at IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law", Ira Chernus, "When Did "the '60s" Begin? Following Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev's expulsion in 1964, Sino-Soviet relations devolved into open hostility. In Poland and, On 21 April 1967, in Greece a group of colonels established a, In 1968, a coup in Iraq led to the overthrow of, On 1 September 1969, a small group of military officers led by the army officer, 1963 – Civil rights becomes a central issue, as the, 1963 – Kennedy was assassinated and replaced by Vice President, 1964 – Johnson was reelected over Conservative spokesman Senator. The National League also added two teams in 1969, the Montreal Expos and San Diego Padres. A major development in popular music during the mid-1960s was the movement away from singles and towards albums. On June 12, civil rights activist Medgar Evers was murdered, and on September 15, the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama was fire-bombed by white supremacists, killing four teenage girls and injuring 22 others. 1961 - First man in space; 1966 - England won the football World cup; 1969 - … The Beach Boys also dominated this subgenre, along with the duo Jan and Dean. During his 1960 presidential campaign, Kennedy said he would ask Americans to meet the challenges of the "New Frontier." Some people think that our lives today are better because of what happened in the 1960s. Academy Award-winning Japanese director Akira Kurosawa produced Yojimbo (1961), and Sanjuro (1962), which both starred Toshiro Mifune as a mysterious Samurai swordsman for hire. Spector's innovations became integral to the growing sophistication of popular music from 1965 onward. Girl groups and female singers, such as the Shirelles, Betty Everett, Little Eva, the Dixie Cups, the Ronettes, and the Supremes dominated the charts in the early 1960s. Psychedelic drugs, especially LSD, were widely used medicinally, spiritually and recreationally throughout the late 1960s, and were popularized by Timothy Leary with his slogan "Turn on, tune in, drop out". In 1969, the American League expanded when the Kansas City Royals and Seattle Pilots, were admitted to the league prompting the expansion of the post-season (in the form of the League Championship Series) for the first time since the creation of the World Series. Nelson Mandela was arrested and at the Rivonia Trial on June 12 he was sentenced to life in prison in South Africa with seven other anti-apartheid activists. JFK, MLK, LBJ, Vietnam, and the 1960s. The Great Blackout of November 9, 1965 left about 30 million people in the Northeast U.S. and parts of Ontario in Canada in the dark for 13 hours in the biggest power failure in history (up to that point). Movies began to break social taboos such as sex and violence causing both controversy and fascination. Yojimbo was also the origin of the "Man with No Name" trend which included Sergio Leone's For a Few Dollars More, and The Good, The Bad and The Ugly both also starring Clint Eastwood, and arguably continued through his 1968 opus Once Upon a Time in the West, starring Henry Fonda, Charles Bronson, Claudia Cardinale, and Jason Robards. The influence of these films is most apparent in Sergio Leone's A Fistful of Dollars (1964) starring Clint Eastwood and Walter Hill's Last Man Standing (1996). Historians use the word “boom” to describe a lot of things about the 1950s: the booming economy, the booming suburbs and most of all the so-called “baby boom.” This boom began in 1946, when a record number of babies–3.4 million–were born in the United States. The war escalates throughout the 60s with military soldiers being sent in. The most prominent American TV series of the 1960s include: The Ed Sullivan Show, Star Trek, Peyton Place, The Twilight Zone, The Outer Limits, The Andy Williams Show, The Dean Martin Show, The Wonderful World of Disney, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, The Beverly Hillbillies, Bonanza, Batman, McHale's Navy, Laugh-In, The Dick Van Dyke Show, The Fugitive, The Tonight Show, Gunsmoke, The Andy Griffith Show, Gilligan's Island, Mission: Impossible, The Flintstones, The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, Lassie, The Danny Thomas Show, The Lucy Show, My Three Sons, The Red Skelton Show, Bewitched and I Dream of Jeannie. The rise of independent producers that worked outside the Studio System. Five decades ago most Kiwis enjoyed a standard of living that was the envy of other nations. For decades comprising years 60–69 of other centuries, see, Decade of the Gregorian calendar (1960–1969), The examples and perspective in this article. On November 10, "Sesame Street" came to public television. The counterculture movement dominated the second half of the 1960s, its most famous moments being the Summer of Love in San Francisco in 1967, and the Woodstock Festival in upstate New York in 1969. The confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union dominated geopolitics during the '60s, with the struggle expanding into developing nations in Latin America, Africa, and Asia as the Soviet Union moved from being a regional to a truly global superpower and began vying for influence in the developing world. The 1960s was also a time of technological progress. The History of Satellites - Sputnik I. Vietnam War: USS Oriskany (CV-34) World History Events in the Decade 1910-1919. What important events happened in the 1960s? Prominent coups d'état of the decade included: The decade began with a recession from 1960–61, at that time unemployment was considered high at around 7%. Thus, the overall worldwide economic trend in the 1960s was one of prosperity, expansion of the middle class, and the proliferation of new domestic technology. Make educational timelines or create a timeline for your company website. Earlier American efforts to launch a similar satellite had failed. Many things happened in the sixties, including the Space Race, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Vietnam War.. [11] Italy formed its first left-of-center government in March 1962 with a coalition of Christian Democrats, Social Democrats, and moderate Republicans. February 18 – The 1960 Winter Olympics open in Squaw Valley, Placer County, California. Surrounded by his children, a survivor of the My Lai Massacre stands in a village near the site of the massacre. The 1960s Timeline. Not until Richard Nixon took office in 1969 was there another opportunity. Barry Crump publishes A good keen man. Two Fingered Salute. The Beatles hold the top 5 positions in the Billboard Top 40 singles in America, an unprecedented achievement. The legendary outdoor Woodstock rock concert was held on Max Yasgur's farm, New York, between August 15–18). 2 September 1960. Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon during the Apollo 11 mission on July 20, 1969. The emergence of the Black Power movement, which lasted roughly from 1966 to 1975, enlarged the aims of the civil rights movement to include racial dignity, economic and political self-sufficiency, and anti-imperialism. The Rev. In 1963, with Betty Friedan's book, The Feminine Mystique, the role of women in society, and in public and private life was questioned. The largest Mexican-American populations was in the Southwestern United States, such as California with over 1 million Chicanos in Los Angeles alone, and Texas where Jim Crow laws included Mexican-Americans as "non-white" in some instances to be legally segregated. In any case, after 1965 the vinyl LP had definitively taken over as the primary format for all popular music styles. In India a literary and cultural movement started in Calcutta, Patna, and other cities by a group of writers and painters who called themselves "Hungryalists", or members of the. The Soviet program lost its sense of direction with the death of chief designer Sergey Korolyov in 1966. The forms of escape and resistance would manifest in many ways including social activism, alternative lifestyles, experimental living through foods, dress, music and alternative recreational activities, including that of throwing a Frisbee. Also during the early '60s, surf rock emerged, a rock subgenre that was centered in Southern California and based on beach and surfing themes, in addition to the usual songs about teenage romance and innocent fun. Like the generations before them they simply got on with the business at hand – going to school and work and raising families. ", confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, the police response towards protesters of the 1968 Democratic National Convention, post-industrial age hybrid capitalist economies, gained independence from their European colonial rulers, The May 1968 student and worker uprisings in France, List of coups d'état and coup attempts § 1960–1969, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War, National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965, Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, protested the annual Miss America pageant, first human spaceflight landed on the Moon, The Bootleg Series Vol. The 1960s term also refers to an era more often called the Sixties.This was a set of cultural and political trends around the globe. RELATED TO THE 1960S. Some of Hollywood's most notable blockbuster films of the 1960s include: The counterculture movement had a significant effect on cinema. Browse important and historic events, world leaders, famous birthdays and notable deaths from the year 1960. The early 1960s also saw the golden age of another rock subgenre, the teen tragedy song, which focused on lost teen romance caused by sudden death, mainly in traffic accidents. Explanation later. President Kennedy launched the Decade at the UN in New York. In Europe, Art Cinema gains wider distribution and sees movements like la Nouvelle Vague (The French New Wave) featuring French filmmakers such as Roger Vadim, François Truffaut, Alain Resnais, and Jean-Luc Godard; Cinéma vérité documentary movement in Canada, France and the United States; Swedish filmmaker Ingmar Bergman, Chilean filmmaker Alexandro Jodorowsky and Polish filmmakers Roman Polanski and Wojciech Jerzy Has produced original and offbeat masterpieces and the high-point of Italian filmmaking with Michelangelo Antonioni and Federico Fellini making some of their most known films during this period. Well, it's easy as toast! On June 20, the U.S. and Soviet Union agreed to establish a hotline telephone connection between the two countries. Cut them out and sort them into positive and negative groups. Jennifer Rosenberg is a historian and writer who specializes in 20th-century history. Presidential candidates Richard Nixon (left), later the 37th president of the United States, and John F. Kennedy, the 35th president, during a televised debate. Dennis Hopper's Easy Rider (1969) focused on the drug culture of the time. They would form what would become known as the counterculture. The Black Panther Party was founded by Huey Newton, Bobby Seale, and Elbert Howard in Oakland California on October 15. Fri frakt. Three astronauts—Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger B. Chaffee—were killed during a simulated launch of the first Apollo mission on January 27. Seen by an estimated 73 million viewers, the appearance becomes the catalyst for the mid-1960s "British Invasion" of American popular music. Alternative sports, using the flying disc, began in the mid-sixties. The first laser was fired in 1960. Social Change in the 1960s and early 1970s By Mary Hull Mohr Across the United States in the 1960s and the early 1970s the Vietnam War, the Civil Rights Movement, and a new understanding of the role of women in society awakened college students to become activists. Significant events in the film industry in the 1960s, Guidelines for this section are listed at, Jaime Pensado, "The (forgotten) Sixties in Mexico. At the start of the 1960s, things seemed pretty much like the 1950s: prosperous, calm, and predictable. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. in April and Robert F. Kennedy in June. Two assassinations overshadow all other news of 1968. As some readers of this blog know, I've written a book which is part memoir and conversion story, part cultural history of the phenomenon we call "the Sixties." Blues also continued to develop strongly during the '60s, but after 1965, it increasingly shifted to the young white rock audience and away from its traditional black audience, which moved on to other styles such as soul and funk. Gloria Steinem was a key feminist. "Stuck in the sixties: Conservatives and the legacies of the 1960s." In Washington DC, Betty Friedan, Shirley Chisholm, Pauli Murray, and Muriel Fox founded the National Organization for Women on June 30. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of civil disobedience and nonviolent protest produced crisis situations between activists and government authorities. On April 21, the newly built city of Brasília was founded and Brazil moved its capital there from Rio de Janeiro. First Military Advisors to Vietnam The United States sends its first military advisors to Vietnam to help fight against the communist North. New styles of architecture, including high-rise buildings and the use of concrete and steel, became common. 1962 The first computer video game, Spacewar, is invented. [32] Large riots broke out in many cities like Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York City, Newark, New Jersey, Oakland, California and Washington, D.C. By the end of the decade, politicians like George Wallace and Richard Nixon campaigned on restoring law and order to a nation troubled with the new unrest. Many things happened in the sixties, including the Space Race, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Vietnam War.. [22], Although the first half of the decade had low inflation, by 1966 Kennedy's tax credit had reduced unemployment to 3.7% and inflation remained below 2%. American History: Social Revolution in the 1960s July 12, 2012 Astronaut John Glenn, right, shows his Friendship 7 space capsule to President John F. Kennedy at Cape Canaveral, Florida, in 1962. Before the 1960s, space travel was considered to be pure fantasy, the subject of science fiction novels and films conjured up by writers with vivid imaginations. The biggest event of 1962 was the Cuban Missile Crisis. By the end of the 1950s, war-ravaged Europe had largely finished reconstruction and began a tremendous economic boom. By the end of the decade, median family income had risen from $8,540 in 1963 to $10,770 by 1969. In January 1961, the United Nations resolved that the decade of the 1960s would be the Decade of Development. Who Developed the Polio Vaccine? What Happened In the 1960s? From music to civil rights, here are just some of the noteworthy events that went down during this incredible decade. The events used in this interactive timeline were chosen on … The Underground Press, a widespread, eclectic collection of newspapers served as a unifying medium for the counterculture. What Really Happened to the 1960s How Mass Media Culture Failed American Democracy Edward P. Morgan. In Dallas, Texas, at 12:30 p.m. the 35th President of the United States, John Fitzgerald is shot and killed by Lee Harvey Oswald. It did so through the creation of works of literary and visual art that validated Mexican-American ethnicity and culture. Beatlemania abruptly exploded after the group's appearance on the Ed Sullivan Show in 1964. As late as the end of 1965, few Americans protested the American involvement in Vietnam, but as the war dragged on and the body count continued to climb, civil unrest escalated. Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters also played a part in the role of "turning heads on". 1960 – The female birth-control contraceptive, 1963 - The measles vaccine was released after being approved by the FDA, 1964 - The discovery and confirmation of the, 1960 – The first working laser was demonstrated in May by, 1962 – First transatlantic satellite broadcast via the, 1963 – First transpacific satellite broadcast via the, Canada celebrated its 100th anniversary of. The nation mourned, and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson suddenly became president on that day in November. The New Decade's Major Changes: Cinema in the 1960s reflected the decade of fun, fashion, rock 'n' roll, tremendous social changes (i.e., the civil rights era and marches) and transitional cultural values. On September 30, 1966, Nazi Albert Speer was released from Spandau Prison after completing his 20-year sentence for war crimes. This style emphasized higher budgets and more elaborate arrangements, and more melodramatic musical themes in place of a simple, light-hearted pop sound. This 1960s feminism timeline explores feminist history. On March 1, 1961, President Kennedy founded the Peace Corps, a federal agency designed to give Americans an opportunity to serve their country and the world through volunteer community-based projects. The Rolling Stones' mega-hit "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" hit the rock and roll radio airwaves on June 6, and miniskirts started showing up on city streets, making designer Mary Quant the driving force behind 60s fashion. 1960s, health care was already a massive enterprise. On July 18, SenatorTed Kennedy (D-MA) left the scene of an accident on Chappaquiddick Island, Massachusetts, where his campaign worker Mary Jo Kopechne died. Gays were not allowed by law to congregate. [27], The movement gained momentum after World War II when groups such as the American G.I. The decade was also labeled the Swinging Sixties because of the fall or relaxation of social taboos that occurred during this time, but also because of the emergence of a wide range of music; from a folk music revival, to the Beatles revolution, to the introspective lyrics of Bob Dylan and Paul Simon. A succession of unmanned American and Soviet probes traveled to the Moon, Venus, and Mars during the 1960s, and commercial satellites also came into use. June 11, 1963 – The Self-Immolation of Thích Quảng Đức Thích Quảng Đức, a Buddhist monk in South Vietnam, disgusted by the continual persecution of Buddhists by the Catholic-dominated government of that country, took to the streets of Saigon and established a new standard of horror. Other terms heard in the United States included "the Draft", "draft dodger", "conscientious objector", and "Vietnam vet". Here are some of the new things that happened in the 1960s. . In the 1960s, boxing was owned by Muhammad Ali. What Happened In History Year 1960 Historical Events for the Year 1960 1st January » Cameroon achieves independence from France and the United Kingdom. "The 60s were a leap in human consciousness. After President Kennedy's assassination, direct tensions between the US and Soviet Union cooled and the superpower confrontation moved into a contest for control of the Third World, a battle characterized by proxy wars, funding of insurgencies, and puppet governments. The Prague Spring (January 5–August 21) marked a time of liberalization in Czechoslovakia before the Soviets invaded and removed the leader of the government, Alexander Dubcek. 5 January – closure of the Swansea and Mumbles Railway (opened to passengers in 1807 and by this date operated by double-deck electric trams). The 1960s was the decade that started on January 1, 1960 and ended on December 31, 1969. The first Freedom Ride left Washington DC on May 4th: freedom riders challenged the southern states' non-enforcement of the Supreme Court's ruling that segregation on buses was unconstitutional. The Ford GT40 won outright in the 24 Hours of Le Mans. The My Lai massacre—in which American soldiers killed nearly all of the people in the Vietnamese village of My Lai on March 16—and the months-long military campaign known as the Tet Offensive (January 30–September 23) topped Vietnam news. Between 1960 and 1969 reported incidences of violent crime per 100,000 people in the United States nearly doubled and have yet to return to the levels of the early 1960s. As the 1960s began, American cars showed a rapid rejection of 1950s styling excess, and would remain relatively clean and boxy for the entire decade. Psychedelic influenced the music, artwork and films of the decade, and a number of prominent musicians died of drug overdoses (see 27 Club). The most prominent civil-rights organization in the Mexican-American community, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund (MALDEF), was founded in 1968. The draft and the Merry Pranksters also played a part in the West literary visual... 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